Enaction of rules of international carriage of goods by sea have special importance due to its affects to owner of good and ship owner,due to countries pay major attention to this rules.competency of endorsee countries originated Hague rules in 1924that its base of origin of internal law in abundant of countries.this rules modified in 1968that renowned Brussels rules.this rules is fair for shipowner countries.therefore United nations commission of international trade law enacted new rules in 1978in Hamburg that renawnad Hamburg rules.codification of Hamburg rules was not satisfy needs of maritime transport in practice.on this reason United nations on December11,2008 adopted rules in Rotterdam.translation of articles of Rotterdam rules in this paper will be expressed.
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