حق جلوت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی و اسلامی دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

اشخاص همیشه به‌دنبال خلوت‌گزینی و دوری از دیگران نیستند، گاه در پی این‌اند که در مقام تبلیغ و تأیید یک محصول یا خدمت تجاری، نشانه‌های هویتی خویش را به جامعه عرضه کنند و در مقابل، منفعتی مالی به‌دست آورند. در نظام حقوقی آمریکا، به‌منظور حمایت از حق اشخاص برای بهره‌برداری تجاری از نشانه‌های هویتی خویش، حق ویژه‌ای شناسایی شده است که در این مقاله حق جلوت نامیده می‌شود. به استناد این حق، شخص می‌تواند از نشانه‌های هویتی خویش (مانند صدا، تصویر، نام و دیگر ویژگی‌های شخصیتی‌اش)، آن‌گونه که می‌خواهد، استفادۀ تجاری کرده و از بهره‌برداری بدون اجازۀ دیگران از این نشانه‌ها جلوگیری کند. در نظام حقوقی کشورهای اروپایی هیچ‌گاه حق مستقل و ویژه‌ای همانند حق جلوت پیش‌بینی نشده است، با این حال، تلاش می‌شود از سایر نهادهای نظام حقوقی برای حمایت از ارزش تجاری شخصیت اشخاص استفاده شود. نظام حقوقی ما نیز، وضعیتی کم‌وبیش این‌گونه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

THE RIGHT OF PUBLICITY

نویسنده [English]

  • Abbas Mirshekari
Assistant Professor of Private Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

People are not always looking for loneliness; sometimes they are looking to use their identity to advertise a commercial product. Against this kind of utilization, they can receive an appropriate advantage. In the US legal system the term of “The Right of Publicity " is used to identify this right. Based on this right, the person has the right to use your identity, e.g., name, likeness, picture, voice, persona, etc., as it wants. It can be protected against the unauthorized commercial appropriation of an individual’s identity. There is no unanimous approach to the right of publicity in the countries of the EU. However, legal writers in these countries are trying to use other institutions for support from the commercial value of a personality. Our legal system is the same.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • damage
  • Identity
  • Image
  • Personality
  • Privacy
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