موازین ارزیابی رقابتی ادغام‌های ناظر بر مالکیت‌های فکری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار گروه حقوق مالکیت فکری و فضای مجازی دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی

چکیده

    ادغام بنگاه‌ها با هدف دستیابی به دارایی‌های فکری در دو دهۀ اخیر، روند فزاینده‌ای یافته و به همان اندازه، حساسیت حقوق رقابت در کنترل مؤثر آنها نیز فزونی گرفته است. اگرچه حقوق رقابت موازین کلی ناظر بر ادغام‌ها را در حیطۀ مالکیت‌های فکری نیز به‌طور همسانی اعمال می‌کند، ویژگی‌های این دست دارایی‌ها مستلزم لحاظ مؤلفه‌های خاصی است که در چارچوبی نظام‌مند، امکان ارزیابی دقیق وضعیت رقابتی آنها را امکان‌پذیر سازد. این مقاله می‌کوشد تا با تعمق در راهکارهای حقوق آمریکا و اتحادیۀ اروپا، به ابعاد خاص ادغام‌های حول حقوق فکری بپردازد و تأثیرات آن بر نوآوری و پیشرفت تکنولوژیک را آشکار ساخته و در نهایت سرنوشت رقابتی ادغام‌های یادشده را تعیین کند؛ درحالی‌که پیچیدگی موضوع و تحولات روزافزون، نظام‌های حقوقی را به سمت بازنگری شاخص‌های ارزیابی ادغام‌ها و تمرکز هرچه بیشتر بر ویژگی‌های بازارهای پرتحول نوآوری و فناوری سوق داده است، رهیافت کنونی نظام رقابتی ادغام در حقوق ایران، در غیاب سیاست رقابتی مشخص در قبال مالکیت‌های فکری، در بند کاستی‌ها و ابهامات و رویکردهای خطایی گرفتار آمده که نیازمند اصلاح جدی و تدارک چارچوب حقوقی شفاف و جامع است.   

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

COMPETITION RULES ON EXAMINATION OF MERGERS INVOLVING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTIES

نویسنده [English]

  • Ebrahim Rahbari
Assistant Professor of IP & Cyberspace Law Department of Law faculty at Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

Merger among undertakings attaining IPs has had increasing trend in the last two decades and as well competition law has been more sensitive and has enforced more effective control on them. Although competition law applies same general rules governing on mergers in IP domain but their characteristics require particular attention to the specific elements which make possible exact examining the competitive situation of merger in a regulated framework. Having analyzed U.S and EU merger law approaches, this article is going to explain the particular aspects of mergers involving IPs and their effects on innovation and technological progress and finally specify their competitive situation. While the complexity of the issue and increasing developments have directed legal systems to review merger evaluating criterions and more focusing on the features of changing innovation and technology markets, the current competition rules and attitudes of Iranian merger law in the absence of specific competition policy relating to IPs has caught in deficiencies, ambiguities and wrong approaches that demands serious modification and providing a transparent and comprehensive legal framework.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Merger
  • Competition law
  • Intellectual property law
  • Know-how
  • Innovation
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