نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه حقوق خصوصی و حقوق تجارت بین الملل دانشکدۀ حقوق دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق نفت و گاز دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The 1965 Washington Convention on the settlement of investment disputes between states and nationals of other states created international center for settlement of investment disputes (ICSID). This center conducts investment disputes arbitration according to the rules of the convention. The choice of law rules of the Washington Convention have been provided in article 42. Second sentence of article 42(1) specifically deals with the applicable law in the absence of choice of the parties and set forth that “the Tribunal shall apply the law of the Contracting State party to the dispute (including its rules on the conflict of laws) and such rules of international law as may be applicable.” Regarding to this rule, different interpretations have been made both in practice of ICSID arbitral tribunals and in views of scholars and arbitration authors. The differences of interpretations are from one extreme of the application of internal law of host state alone and in all circumstances, up to the other extreme of supremacy of international law and independent application of it. After considering all view points, this article reaches to the conclusion that initial purpose of the Washington Convention or ICSID and the parties’ (investor and host state) interests require that the national law of the host state must necessarily be applied, but, also in certain and special circumstances another law or rules of law including rules of international law will be applicable.
کلیدواژهها [English]
1. Aron Broches (1972) The Convention on Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of other States, Recuil des Cours , vol. 11
2. Aron Broches (1979), in “International Arbitration”, Liber Aamicorum for Martin Domke, pp. 13-19 (The Hague)
3. Aron Broches (1993) Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between State and Nationals of Other States of 1965: The Convention, Explanatory Notes and Survey of its Application, 18 Yearbook of Commercial Arbitration
4. Antonio R. Parra (2001) Applicable Substantive Law in ICSID Arbitrations Initiated Under Investment Treaties, ICSID Review 16 (1)
5. G. R. Delaume (1990) Transnational Contracts, Applicable Law and Settlement of Disputes, Ch. XV, 67/8
6. Georges R. Delaume (1988) The Proper Law of State Contracts and the Lex Mercatoria: A Reappraisal, ICSID Review 3 (1)
7. Giorgio Sacerdoti (2004) Investment Arbitration Under ICSID and UNCITRAL Rules: Prerequisites, Applicable Law, Review of Awards, ICSID Review 19 (1)
8. Ibrahim F.I. Shihata and Antonio R. Parra (1994) Applicable, Substantive Law in Disputes Between States and Private Foreign Parties: The Case of Arbitration under the ICSID Convention, ICSID Review 9 (2)
9. John A. Westberg (1987) The Applicable Law Issue in International Business Transactions with Government Parties—Rulings of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal, ICSID Review 2 (2)
10. John A. Westberg (1993) Applicable Law, Expropriatory Takings and Compensation in Cases of Expropriation; ICSID and Iran-United States Claims Tribunal Case Law Compared, ICSID Review 8 (1)
11. UNCTAD (2009) Latest developments in investor-State dispute Settlement.
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