نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد بازنشستۀ گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشیار گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
3 دکتری حقوق خصوصی دانشگاه تهران (پردیس بین المللی کیش)
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Stating the elements of arbitration agreement and their analysis in relation with Iran general rule of contracts has a major impact on determining the type and validity of the agreements as well as arbitrator legal position. In addition, this analysis has an impact on the arbitrator's type and scope of responsibility. In this paper, we have addressed the existing theories about the legal status of the arbitrator, including its semi judicial or contractual nature. The, we have studied the advantages and disadvantages of the arbitration in the view of the arbitrator, parties and legal logic, and the type of responsibility in each theory. Taking into account the existence of arbitration agreement in the cases, the impact of the agreement on the legal position, and vice versa, has been examined. Providing a practical analysis about the nature of an arbitration agreement, a legal arbitration flexible commentary is presented under the title of “contract in the contract theory”, which in the view of the writer embodies both contract and semi judicial and also reduces the disadvantages as much as possible. In the conclusion, the positions of arbitrator and parties towards each other have been expressed on the basis of this analysis. After criticizing different theories on the arbitrator's position, individual judge is proposed as the appropriate theory.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
الف) فارسی
ب) خارجی
8. Arnold, Manfred,(1999). “What price immunity of arbitrators?”,international journal of Arbitration, July 1999.
9. Andrés Jana L. (2015). 'International Commercial Arbitration in Latin America: Myths and Realities' (2015) 32 Journal of International Arbitration, Issue 4, pp. 413–446
10.Bristow, David (2000). “The gathering storm of arbitrators’ and mediators’ liability” in Alternative Dispute Resolution Journal, 2000, pp.220-238
11.Gary B. Born(2014), International Commercial Arbitration (Second Edition), vol I: International Arbitration Agreements, Kluwer Law International
12.Choi, S. J. (2003). Problem with Arbitration Agreements, The. Vand. J. Transnat'l L., 36, 1233.
13.Frank, Susan,( 2000). “The liabilty of international arbitrators: a comparative análisis and proposal for qualified immunity”, New York Law School Journal of International and Comparative Law, vol. 20, nº 1, 2000.
14.González Soria, Julio(2011). Comentarios a la Ley de Arbitraje. Número de Edición: 2, Fecha Edición: 27/10/2011
15.Hunter, Martin,( 1993). “The immunity of arbitrators”, Arbitration International, vol. 9, no. 3, 1993.
16.Ju Hong-Lin and Shore Laurence (2006). Independence, impartiality and Immunity, 2006.
Lew, Julian, Mistellis Loukas, Kröll, Stephan (2003). Comparative International Commercial Arbitration, 2003.
17.Mourre, Alexis, (2006).“Arbitration and criminal law. Reflections on the duties of the arbitrator”, Arbitration International, Vol 22, Issue 1, 1 March 2006
18.Mustill, M. J., & Boyd, S. C. (1989). The law and pratice of commercial arbitration in England. Butterworths.
19.Tsakatoura, Anastasia(2002). “The immunity of arbitrators”, Inter-lawyer Law Forum Directory, 20 June 2002.
20. Blackaby, N., Partasides, C., Redfern, A., & Hunter, M. (2009). 1. An overview of international arbitration. Redfern and hunter on international arbitration, 1-83.
Rowley, William, Kent, David and Koehnen, Markus, (1967).“Recent developments in International Commercial Arbitration”.
21.Samuel, Adam (2004). 'Arbitration, Alternative Dispute Resolution Generally and the European Convention on Human Rights' (2004). 21 Journal of International Arbitration, Issue 5, pp. 413–437
22.Sanders, Pieter,( 2004). The work of UNCITRAL on arbitration and conciliation.
23.Stepanowich, Thomas and Kaskall, Peter (2000). Commercial arbitration at its best.
24.Von der Berg (1990). The immunity of arbitrators.
25.Caron, D. D. (1990). The Nature of the Iran-United States Claims Tribunal and the Evolving Structure of International Dispute Resolution, The American Journal of International Law, 84(1), 104-156.
26.Redfern, A. (2004). Law and practice of international commercial arbitration. Sweet & Maxwell.
Cases:
27.Cereals S.A. V Tradax Export S.A
28.Cort v AAA, 795, F Supp. 970, at 973
29.K/S Norjarl A/S v. Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd., [1991]
30.Zittrer v Sport Mask Inc, Supreme Court of Canada, 1988.24.March
31.Donaldson J. in Bremer Schiffban v. South India ShippingCorp. Ltd 1981 jan.22
32.Antoine v. Bryer & Anderson, 429, 435-36 (1992).
Arbitration codes:
33.ICC Arbitration Rules of 1975 and 1998
34.LCIA Rules of 1998
35.AAA International Arbitration Rules of 1998
36.VIAC Rules of 2001
37.NAI Rules of 2001
38.DIS Arbitration Rules of 1998
39.SCC Arbitration Rules of 1999
40.NATIONAL ARBITRATIONS LAWS
41.The Argentina arbitration rules
42.The Canadian Arbitration rules
43.The Dutch Code of Civil Procedure
44.The Swiss Private International Law Act
45.The German Code of Civil Procedure
46.The Italian Code of Civil Procedure
47.The UK Arbitration Act
48.The Greece Arbitration code
49.Finland Arbitration code
50.UNCITRALMODEL LAW
)