نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه حقوق خصوصی دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق نفت گاز، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Demurrage clause is stipulated in voyage charter parties so that ships and oil tankers would not be detained. Demurrage is a kind of liquidated damage which sets a penalty against charterer of the ship in the case that he detains the ship or tanker for more than the agreed lay time for loading or unloading the ship or tanker. It is common and usual that parties of this kind of charter party would determine a particular situation, stipulated in contract, for sending a notice of readiness, from owner of the ship to the charterer, or whom he introduces to the owner. Therefore, owner, or captain of the ship as owner’s deputy, is obliged to send such notice under such circumstances. Sending notice of readiness before reaching the agreed circumstances has been a cause for a lot of demurrage claims. In this article we have examined leading cases on this subject which have made changes to the jurisprudence of this issue.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
الف) فارسی
1. فیضی چکاب، غلام نبی؛ هاشمیزاده، سید علیرضا (1391). «مسئولیت پرداخت دموراژ در قراردادهای اجارۀ کشتی برای سفر معین»، مجلۀ مطالعات حقوق تطبیقی، دورۀ 3، ش 1، ص 131-111.
2. کاتوزیان، ناصر (۱۳۹۴). قواعد عمومی قراردادها، ج 4،چ نهم، تهران: شرکت سهامی انتشار.
3. نجفی اسفاد، مرتضی (1393). حقوق دریایی بر پایه قانون دریایی ایران و مقررات بینالمللی دریایی، چ ششم، تهران: سمت.
ب) خارجی
1. Aspragkathou, Desponia (2007). “ Review of the GENCON Charter Clauses for the Commencement of Laytime: Analysis of the Time Lost in Waiting for a Berth to Count as Laytime or Time on Demurrage Clause”, Journal of Maritime Law & Commerce, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 603- 615.
2. Aspragkathou, Desponia (2009). “The Asbatankvoy Charterparty Clauses for the Commencement of Laytime- Interpretation under English and American Law”, Journal of Maritime Law & Commerce, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 133- 148.
3. Aspragkathou, Desponia, (2007). “The Happy Day and Issues of the Invalidity of a Notice of Readiness under English Law”, Journal of Maritime Law & Commerce, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 191- 213.
4. Beatson, Jack and Andrew Burrows and John Cartwright (2010). “Anson’s law of contract”, Oxford University press, 29th edition, New York.
5. Berlingieri, Francesco (1977). “The Allocation of Risk of Delay in Voyage Charter Parties”, Journal of Maritime Law & Commerce, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 497-504.
6. Byrne, William P., (2006).” Competing Periods in Determining Laches in Demurrage Dispute”, Transportation Law Journal, Vol. 33, pp. 135-143.
7. Etting, Theodore M., (1884). “Demurrage”, The American Law Register, Vol. XXXII. __20, pp. 153- 161.
8. Mankabady, Samir (1987).” Arbitration in Shipping Disputes under English Law” Northern Kentucky Law Review, Vol. 14, pp. 13- 40.
9. Nasirian, Yashar, (2013). " Revisions in the concept of commencement of laytime and demurrage clauses in international sale contracts", Master thesis in maritime law in Lund University under supervision of Dr. Abhinayan Basu Bal.
Cases:
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