فرض وجود خطر به‌عنوان عاملی تأثیرگذار بر مسئولیت در اختلافات ناشی از سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی با تأکید بر رویۀ داوری بین‌المللی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین‌الملل عمومی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی

چکیده

      وجود خطر در تمامی سرمایه‌گذاری‌های خارجی مفروض است و صرفاً میزان آن با توجه به موضوع و مکان سرمایه‌گذاری متفاوت است. فرض وجود خطر در سرمایه‌گذاری به‌عنوان یک عامل تأثیرگذار بر مسئولیتدر اختلافات ناشی از سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی در رویۀ داوری بین‌المللی به رسمیت شناخته شده است. با این حال، میزان این تأثیرگذاری با توجه به رابطۀ سببیت میان نقش سرمایه‌گذار و ورود خسارت می‌تواند موجب کاهش غرامت قابل تعیین یا رفع مسئولیت شود. رویۀ داوری بین‌المللی هیچ تمایزی میان حالتی که سرمایه‌گذار از روی بی‌احتیاطی یا بی‌مبالاتی خطر مفروض در سرمایه‌گذاری را نادیده می‌گیرد و وضعیتی که سرمایه‌گذار با تقصیر خود این خطر را افزایش می‌دهد، قائل نشده و هر دو مورد را در بررسی مسئولیت مورد توجه قرار داده است. این مقاله تلاش دارد تا به این پرسش اصلی پاسخ دهد که فرض وجود خطر در سرمایه‌گذاری بین‌المللی در چه شرایطی و تا چه حد می‌تواند بر مسئولیت ناشی از آن سرمایه‌گذاری تأثیرگذار باشد و چه راهکارهایی را می‌توان در خصوص کاهش این خطرها مورد توجه قرار داد؟

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

THE ASSUMPTION OF RISK AS AN EFFECTIVE FACTOR ON RESPONSIBILITY IN FOREIGN INVESTMENT DISPUTES WITH AN EMPHASIS ON INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION PRACTICE

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyyed Ghasem Zamani 1
  • Vahid Bazzar 2
1 Associate Professor of Faculty of Law and Political Sciences of Allameh Tabataba'i University
2 P.H.D Student of International Law of Faculty of Law and Political Sciences of Allameh Tabataba'i University
چکیده [English]

Risk is assumed in all foreign investments. The volume of the investment merely varies according to the subject and place of investment. The assumption of risk of investing as an effective factor in responsibility for foreign investment disputes has been recognized in international arbitration practice. However, the amount of this impact, due to the causal link between the role of the investor and damage, can reduce the amount of compensation or the elimination of responsibility. The international arbitration practice does not distinguish between a situation in which an investor ignores the assumption of the investment risk with negligence and the situation in which the investor increases investment risk with own fault, and both has considered to determine responsibility. This article tries to examine the concept of the assumption of risk of foreign investment with an emphasis on International Arbitration Practice. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • the assumption of risk
  • Foreign Investment
  • responsibility
  • International Arbitration
  • Reparation
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